Amphetamine Sulfate and LMD Injection

• Generic Name: amphetamine / dextroamphetamine
• Dosage Forms: n.a.
• Other Brand Names: Adderall, Adderall XR, Mydayis

Used as an adjunct to psychological, educational, social, and other remedial measures in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (hyperkinetic disorder, hyperkinetic syndrome of childhood, minimal brain dysfunction).

Can be used for ADHD in pediatric (children, adolescents) as well as adult patients.

Almost all studies comparing behavioral therapy versus stimulants alone have shown a much stronger therapeutic effect from stimulants than from behavioral therapy, and stimulants (e.g., amphetamines, methylphenidate) remain the drugs of choice for the management of ADHD.

Drug therapy is not indicated in all patients with ADHD, and such therapy should be considered only after a complete evaluation including medical history has been performed.

Use should depend on age, adequate diagnosis (based on medical, special psychological, educational, and social resources), and the clinician’s assessment of the severity and duration of symptoms and should not depend solely on one or more behavioral characteristics.

Not recommended for ADHD symptoms associated with acute stress reactions.

Used as a stimulant to reduce daytime sleepiness in the management of narcolepsy.

Amphetamines remain the mainstay of treatment for narcolepsy based on a long record of clinical experience.

Tolerance to the clinical effects may develop with long-term therapy, particularly at high dosages.

Has been used as an adjunct to caloric restriction and behavioral modification in the short-term treatment of exogenous obesity. However, because of the limited efficacy (short-lived) and risk of abuse, such use no longer is included in the FDA-approved labeling and is discouraged.

The anorexigenic effect appears to be temporary, seldom lasting more than a few weeks, and tolerance may occur.

Obesity usually is a chronic disease, and short-term or intermittent therapy with anorexigenic drugs is unlikely to maintain a long-term benefit.

• Generic Name: dextran, low molecular weight
• Dosage Forms: injection, solution
• Other Brand Names: LMD

Early fluid replacement and plasma volume expansion in the adjunctive treatment of certain types of shock or impending shock (e.g., burns, surgery, hemorrhage, or other trauma in which a circulating volume deficit is present) when whole blood or blood products are not available, or when the need for haste precludes the necessary cross-matching of blood.

Minimizes sludging of blood as a result of microcirculation effects.

Not a replacement for other forms of therapy; complementary to fluids and electrolytes.

Priming fluid (alone or as an additive to other priming fluids) in pump oxygenators for perfusion during extracorporeal circulation.

Prophylaxis of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism for surgical procedures associated with a high risk of thromboembolic complications (e.g., hip surgery).

May be beneficial in patients undergoing hip surgery; however, has not been shown to be more effective than oral anticoagulants or heparin in patients undergoing general surgery.

The American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) does not recommend as sole method of thromboprophylaxis in elective hip arthroplasty.