Emtricitabine and tenofovir and Papaverine Hydrochloride

• Generic Name: emtricitabine / tenofovir
• Dosage Forms: n.a.
• Other Brand Names: AccessPak for HIV PEP Basic, Descovy, Truvada

Emtricitabine and tenofovir are antiviral medicines that prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from multiplying in your body.

Emtricitabine and tenofovir is a combination medicine used to treat HIV, the virus that can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). emtricitabine and tenofovir is not a cure for HIV or AIDS, but it can be used to treat HIV in adults and children who are at least 12 years old and weigh at least 17 kilograms (37 pounds).

Emtricitabine and tenofovir is also used in children who weigh between 55 and 77 pounds (25 to 35 kilograms) and who take certain other HIV medications.

Truvada PrEP is used together with safer-sex practices to reduce the risk of becoming infected with HIV. You must be HIV-negative and an adult to use Truvada PrEP for this purpose.

Emtricitabine and tenofovir may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

• Generic Name: papaverine
• Dosage Forms: n.a.
• Other Brand Names:

  Para-Time SR

Relief of cerebral and peripheral ischemia associated with arterial spasm and myocardial ischemia complicated by arrhythmias.

Has been used IV and intra-arterially in treatment of acute vascular occlusion in conjunction with anticoagulants.

Treatment of angina pectoris; results not impressive at usual dosages. Not recommended as a substitute for nitroglycerin in anginal attacks.

Has been used in the treatment of other cardiovascular or vascular conditions including vascular encephalopathy associated with hypertensive disease, certain cerebral angiospastic states, and chronic peripheral vascular diseases (i.e., Raynaud’s syndrome, Buerger’s disease); however, use in these conditions has been superseded by more effective agents.

Self-treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED, impotence).

Has been used alone or in combination with phentolamine and/or alprostadil in patients with neurogenic and/or limited vasculogenic impotence or those with psychogenic impotence, but efficacy in patients with a vasculogenic component of their impotence may be variable depending on the extent and type of vascular dysfunction.

The goal of therapy is to provide an erection of adequate rigidity and duration to be sexually functional while avoiding prolonged erection or priapism.

Some experts (American Urological Association [AUA]) recommend that selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 5 inhibitor therapy (sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil) be offered as first-line erectile dysfunction treatment unless contraindicated.

Intracavernosal therapy with papaverine and/or other drugs generally reserved for patients who do not respond to psychotherapy/behavioral therapy, vacuum constriction devices, and/or selective PDE type 5 inhibitors and in whom attempts at identifying and modifying any drug-related (e.g., certain antihypertensive agents) or other potential reversible medical cause of erectile dysfunction have proved inadequate.

Some clinicians currently prefer alprostadil, alone or combined with other agents, when intracavernosal treatment of impotence is indicated because of possible improved efficacy and decreased adverse effects (e.g., priapism, fibrotic changes) compared with papaverine therapy.

Choice of therapy for erectile dysfunction should be individualized taking into account differences in response, tolerability and safety, administration considerations, cost and patient reimbursement factors, experience and judgment of the clinician, and individual patient and partner preference, expectations, and satisfaction.

Do not use for enhancing erections in men who are not impotent.

Has been used in the treatment of GI spasms, dysmenorrhea, biliary or ureteral colic, bronchial asthma, cardiac arrhythmias, and other pathologic conditions; however, insufficient evidence to establish therapeutic value.