Fosphenytoin Sodium and Lithostat

• Generic Name: fosphenytoin
• Dosage Forms: n.a.
• Other Brand Names: Cerebyx

Treatment of generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus.

Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam, lorazepam, midazolam) are considered drugs of choice for initial treatment of status epilepticus; IV fosphenytoin (or phenytoin) may be used as a second-line agent if seizures continue.

IV fosphenytoin appears to be better tolerated than IV phenytoin (e.g., fewer adverse cardiovascular effects), and some experts state that fosphenytoin is preferred when both agents are available.

Compared with IV phenytoin, IV fosphenytoin sodium is associated with fewer infusion site reactions (e.g., erythema, pain, burning, swelling, pruritus, soft tissue damage, phlebitis, necrosis) and less frequent need for infusion rate reduction, infusion interruption, and/or changes of infusion sites, but is associated with a higher incidence of systemic sensory disturbances (e.g., burning, paresthesia, pruritus).

Prevention and treatment of seizures occurring during neurosurgery.

May be used as a short-term parenteral replacement for oral phenytoin; because of risks associated with parenteral administration, manufacturer states fosphenytoin should only be used when oral phenytoin not possible.

• Generic Name: acetohydroxamic acid
• Dosage Forms: tablet
• Other Brand Names: Lithostat

Lithostat helps prevent a build-up of ammonia in urine that can be caused by a bladder infection. Increased ammonia in urine can cause the growth of kidney stones.

Lithostat is used to keep urine ammonia levels low in people who have a certain type of chronic bladder infection.

Lithostat is not an antibiotic and will not treat the infection itself. Lithostat is only part of a treatment program that may also include antibiotics to treat the infection, and surgery to remove kidney stones. Follow your doctor's instructions very closely.

Lithostat may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.