Scopolamine Hydrobromide and Tolcapone

• Generic Name: scopolamine
• Dosage Forms: n.a.
• Other Brand Names: Transderm-Scop

Prevention of motion-induced nausea and vomiting; considered most effective drug for this use.

Oral or IM administration usually reserved for patients exposed to short periods of intense motion or those highly susceptible to motion because these routes have short duration of effect and high incidence of adverse effects.

Transdermal administration is effective and has fewer adverse effects and increased duration compared with oral administration.

Used transdermally for prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with recovery from anesthesia and surgery, but efficacy is equivocal.

Has been used preoperatively to inhibit salivation and excessive respiratory tract secretions, but use of general anesthetics (e.g., thiopental [no longer commercially available in the US], halothane) that do not stimulate secretions has reduced the need for this use.

Used preoperatively and in obstetrics in conjunction with analgesics or sedatives to produce tranquilization and amnesia; however, benzodiazepines may be preferred.

Has greater sedative, antisecretory (e.g., on respiratory secretions), and antiemetic effects than atropine; however, less effective than atropine in preventing intraoperative cholinergic effects (e.g., cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, bradycardia).

Has been used for symptomatic treatment of parkinsonian syndrome; however, antimuscarinincs generally have been replaced with dopaminergic drugs.

• Generic Name: tolcapone
• Dosage Forms: n.a.
• Other Brand Names: Tasmar

Tolcapone is used together with other medicines (carbidopa and levodopa) to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as stiffness, tremors, muscle spasms, and poor muscle control. Tolcapone increases levels of levodopa in the body.

Tolcapone is usually given to people who are already taking carbidopa and levodopa but have not had successful treatment of symptoms.

Tolcapone may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.